高考英语原创押题预测卷新课标（高考英语该如何）

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高考结束，各种“押到命题”的文章陆续出来。不过对大部分人来说，就算提前押到作文题，就有能力写好吗？答案是：写好的概率小于压中的概率。就算事先告诉你一个作文题，你也未必能写的出彩，充其量，能节约一点考试时可供浪费的时间罢了。

那么为什么我们还要热衷于“押题”呢？

其实我们“押”的是方向。方向对了，你的教学、复习的重点就对路。

比如英语的听力吧。（这里就不吐槽今年两位朗读者了——那个男的感觉说话吞音、上气不接下气，这可真的是考验我们的耳朵，希望大家当时把音量都调到足够高了。）

平时准备什么？昨天我们说了：灵活、地道，是两个关键词。别指望教材帮到你，这是忠告。换句话：必须要有一套读、一套听的材料，而且能每天坚持、坚持三年。

哪些内容是我们要重点关注呢？

可以参考《上海市高中英语学科教学基本要求》第七单元“话题”

KNOWLDGE:

各类话题相关的文章是否都涉猎过？材料来源，除了报刊网络，也也包括你的旅行、交际见闻。

VOCABULARY:

考纲中的词汇，在该话题下有哪些特定意义、搭配？该话题下的topic words（主题词汇）积累，表达时可能用到。

THOUGHTS:

各类话题，是否都有过具体的思考、讨论，并把自己的想法写出来？（例如我们推荐的400个讨论题目，有哪些相关的）

每一个话题，都是一篇微型写作。

闲话少说，上——

为了更直观，我们以最近四年听力部分的passage 2为例，看看如何体现这一点：

【2015】

We are hearing a lot these days about downshifting. So what is it? The term downshifting first appeared in 1994. It was coined by the Trans-research Institute to describe a new philosophy by which high achievers at work chose a lower salary in exchange for a better quality of life. According to a recent study, four out of ten people under 35 years old are planning to downshift from stressful jobs to a slower pace of life. It’s not just the dream of the young. It is also popular with 35 to 54-year-olds, 12% of whom are making plans to downshift, 6% hoping to have done so in the next 2 years. The study found that 7% of workers had already downshifted. Doctor Lucy Grand, a psychologist looking at the phenomenon, believes that the downshifting is a dream that more and more people want to turn into a reality. People are not satisfied with their lives, and they want to make changes. However Doctor Grand adds, that some people will hesitate, because they don’t actually believe they can make it happen, while others will rush into downshifting to discover that their dream ends up with the financial crisis. So it’s something that requires a lot of thought and planning to get right.

【主题】downshifting，属于“人与社会（jobs and employment工作与就业）”

【词汇】A类为日常所学；B类为拓展习得。

注：coin这个动词的用法是教纲考纲里没有列出的。

【拓展阅读】

仅从这一段，我们就可以学到关于“工作压力”的四个相关表达法：

The trouble with the rat race is, even if you win, you are still a rat. ——Lily Tomlin

Who hasn’t wanted to step off the ever-accelerating treadmill of work, and gain some balance in life? Most of us, at one time or another, have wanted to move from the fast track of life to a more satisfying, healthier, less work-focused lifestyle.

rat race，它的意思是：highly competitive and stressful world of work

step off the ever-accelerating treadmill of work（这里把工作比喻为“加速的跑步机”）

move from the fast track of life（和前面一样，比喻为“生活的快车道”）

work-focused lifestyle（“以工作为主的生活方式”）

【2016年】

Life in the town of Tivaton is made up of both good news and bad news. At a local school a successful charity supper has been held. They made more than one thousand dollars and the local family in need got the majority of it. Many people came to the event and the family was very grateful. Yet the bad news is students have been made to wait outside before school. It has been really cold lately and the school should consider letting the students in to get warm before the weather gets even colder. In the town of Tivaton, a new ice-cream store, the Muddy Moos, is opened. It’s a great place to get ice-cream, coffee and other food. As for the bad news, a new bank has been built. While it is good to have a bank nearby, it has also brought much more traffic. In the morning on the way to school, it’s horrible. There is really no space for any more new buildings in the town. Tivaton is more and more like a big city. On reviewing these local news events, it seems Tivaton has a balance of good news and bad news. At least there is enough good news, so it remains a good place for the residents to enjoy their life.

【主题】life in the town，属于“人与社会（changes and development变化与发展）”

【词汇】A类为日常所学；B类为拓展习得。

【拓展阅读】

仍然只看一段，这里说的变化来自饮用水改善。

Georgia is improving water supply and sanitation services in its provincial towns. The Asian Development Bank is supporting the government program through a series of loans worth $500 million. The program will bring 24/7 water to more than 335,000 people across the country.

improve water supply：改善供水

sanitation services：卫生服务

the government program：政府项目（咱们这儿叫“政府工程”）

a series of loans worth $500 million：一系列价值5亿美元的贷款

【2017年】

Some people believe that spending quiet hours reading and thinking in a library is the best way to prepare for a debate contest. Most memeory experts, however, would recommend preparing with team members. Doing so increases the rate of learning and the likelihood of remembering. When members of a debate team prepare together, they learn facts and master issues faster and more effectively than each individual could alone. Communication is essential to the ability to remember well, says a well-known psychologist. He's found isolating yourself is about the worst thing you can do if you want to remember information. In other words, when you talk with others, whether it is to describe a movie or complain about a difficult chapter in a textbook, you are actually strengthening your memory. The human memory works like a filing system. For a fling system to be effective, information has to be put in a logical place inside a folder that includes related information. When the members of a debate team practise by using facts in support of an argument, they are exactly gathering related pieces of information into a single mental folder. And during an actual debate, when the pressure is on, they would be more easily recalled than those memorized as isolated pieces of information.

【主题】communicate to remember，属于“人与社会（social communication社会交往）”

【词汇】A类为日常所学；B类为拓展习得。

【拓展阅读】

下面这段节选自一篇相反观点的文章：

According to the researchers, collaboration in the early stages of learning causes learners to “hear each other recall information using competing retrieval strategies and their preferred strategies become disrupted. This results in each group memberunderperforming and the group as a whole suffers.” Conversely, learners who work aloneduring the initial phase of learning and retrieval remember more because they are able to learn in their natural way.

in the early stages：在早期阶段，同during the initial phase

retrieval strategies：记忆检索策略

Underperforming： 表现不佳

Conversely：相反地

【2018年】

Transport for London has a lost property office which collects the items left behind as people flow through the city's transport system each day. It is the biggest lost property office in Europe, beaten globally only by Tokyo's. Sixty five staff sort through hundreds of thousands of lost and forgotten items each at the office, which is run by Paul Cowan. According to the latest data, Cowan’s team dealt with over three hundred thousand items in the first quarter of the year. As the data reveals, very few are claimed. For example, of the nearly 13,000 keys handed into lost property last year, just under 1,400 were returned to their owners, says Cowan. Overall, twenty percent of stock is claimed within three month. After that time, stock becomes the property of transport for London. And it's not necessarily the items you'd expect. A wander through the three basement floors that make up the lost property office gives us an idea of what we value enough to recover and what we're happy to let go. Cowan has discovered something interesting about the complexity of lost shoes. He said, if you have one shoe, you are more likely to go looking for the other. If you lose two shoes, well, it's slightly out of sight, out of mind. He guesses many people regard loss as an opportunity to treat themselves to something new.

【主题】lost property office，可归入“人与社会（trips and journeys旅游）”

【词汇】A类为日常所学；B类为拓展习得。

注：recover这个词义是教纲考纲里没有的。

【拓展阅读】

下面是伦敦交通局关于失物认领的部分条款：

l We keep items for a maximum of 3 months from the date of loss. Money (except for that found in Black Cabs) can be claimed up to 12 months from the date of loss.

We charge a fee to help cover the cost of collecting and storing your property and will require valid identification before we release goods for collection or delivery.

l Property found in taxis is subject to an additional fee based on the value of the item. This award is given directly to the driver in recognition of their actions.

Unclaimed items

l If an item is not claimed or matched to an enquiry within 3 months, it becomes the property of TfL. We remove and securely destroy personal data from the item. After that, we either donate it to charity or recycle, dispose of or sell it.

a maximum of 3 months：最长三个月

cover the cost of：支付……的费用

is subject to an additional fee：收取额外费用

in recognition of：以酬谢、表彰……

dispose of：处理、卖掉

最后，还是要强调：必须要有一套读、一套听的材料，而且能每天坚持、坚持三年。先有这个过程，剩下就是你的造化了。

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