我以前的工作是英语怎么说（从头开始从零开始）

答案在The Economist February 5th 2022 International 中“welfare in poor countries”这篇文章中间段及最后段可以找到。

The Economist February 5th 2022 International

The Economist February 5th 2022 International

查字典

from scratch

from scratch 从头开始，从零开始，白手起家

同义词：from the very beginning or starting point

造个句子

Ben established the firm from scratch.

班白手起家成立了这家公司。

prod sb (into sth/into doing sth)

prod sb (into sth/into doing sth) 激励，促使，督促

同义词： prompt, move, urge, motivate

造个句子

Bob gets things done, but only after I've prodded him into doing them.

鲍勃把事情做完了，不过是在我的督促下他才这么做的。

quite an achievement 了不起的成就，不是容易的事

同义词：no mean achievement/feat, a greatachievement

造个句子

Getting the job finished on time was quite an achievement.

按时完成这项工作可真是不简单。

试译下这两段吧

Some poor-country governments have built new welfare programmes from scratch. Togo, for example, has been praised for getting a digital cash-transfer scheme off the ground in just ten days. Citizens could register for the scheme with a mobile phone. Many of Togo’s poorest people work in informal jobs outside the tax system. The government identified them by perusing a recent voters’ register, which included information on what people do and where they live, then created mobile wallets, into which it began depositing about $20 a month. For a dirt-poor country of under 9m people with a GDP per person of only $2,223 a year even after adjusting for the low cost of living, that is quite an achievement.

一些贫穷国家的政府从零开始建立了新的福利计划。例如，多哥因在短短十天内启动数字现金转移计划而受到称赞。公民可以用手机注册该计划。多哥许多最贫穷的人在税收制度之外从事非正规工作。政府通过仔细阅读最近的选民登记册（其中包括人们做什么工作和他们住在哪里的信息）来识别他们的身份，然后创建了移动钱包，并开始每月向移动钱包存入约20美元。对于一个人口不足900万、人均年GDP仅为2,223美元的国家来说，即使在调整了低生活成本后，这也是一项了不起的成就。

Still, it is good that governments in countries blighted by poverty have been pondering how to build welfare systems, in some cases virtually from scratch. If covid has prodded them into thinking more flexibly, it is a rare benefit of the dreadful plague. Let it be seized.

尽管如此，受贫困困扰的国家政府一直在思考如何建立福利体系，在某些情况下几乎是从头开始，这是好事。如果新冠病毒促使他们更加灵活地思考问题，那么这是可怕瘟疫带来的罕见好处。把握住这个好处吧。

任何译文没有标准答案，此译文未经推敲深究，仅供参考，欢迎评论、点赞、收藏、私信、转发！