html5canvas功能介绍（Html5 Canvas实现图片标记、缩放、移动和保存历史状态功能 附转换公式）

// css
transform-origin: 180px 180px;
transform: scale(3, 3);

transform-origin: 180px 180px;
transform: scale(3, 3) translate(-40px,-40px);

const wrap = document.getElementById('wrap')
wrap.onmousedown = function (e) {
  const downX = e.pageX - wrap.offsetLeft
  const downY = e.pageY - wrap.offsetTop

  const scale = 3
  const translateX = -40
  const translateY = -40
  const transformOriginX = 180
  const transformOriginY = 180

  const dot = document.getElementById('dot')
  dot.style.left = (transformOriginX - downX) / scale * (scale - 1) + downX - translateX + 'px'
  dot.style.top = (transformOriginY - downY) / scale * (scale - 1) + downY - translateY + 'px'
}

<li className="mark-paper__wrap" ref={wrapRef}>
  <canvas
    ref={canvasRef}
    className="mark-paper__canvas">
    <p>很可惜，这个东东与您的电脑不搭！</p>
  </canvas>
  <li className="mark-paper__sider" />
</li>

const fillImage = async () => {
  // 此处省略...
  
  const img: HTMLImageElement = new Image()

  img.src = await getURLBase64(fillImageSrc)
  img.onload = () => {
    canvas.width = img.width
    canvas.height = img.height
    context.drawImage(img, 0, 0)

    // 设置变化基点，为画布容器中央
    canvas.style.transformOrigin = `${wrap?.offsetWidth / 2}px ${wrap?.offsetHeight / 2}px`
    // 清除上一次变化的效果
    canvas.style.transform = ''
  }
}

const handleCanvas = () => {
  const { current: canvas } = canvasRef
  const { current: wrap } = wrapRef
  const context: CanvasRenderingContext2D | undefined | null = canvas?.getContext('2d')
  if (!context || !wrap) return

  // 清除上一次设置的监听，以防获取参数错误
  wrap.onmousedown = null
  wrap.onmousedown = function (event: MouseEvent) {
    const downX: number = event.pageX
    const downY: number = event.pageY

    // 区分我们现在选择的鼠标模式：移动、画笔、橡皮擦
    switch (mouseMode) {
      case MOVE_MODE:
        handleMoveMode(downX, downY)
        break
      case LINE_MODE:
        handleLineMode(downX, downY)
        break
      case ERASER_MODE:
        handleEraserMode(downX, downY)
        break
      default:
        break
    }
  }

// 定义一些变量，来保存当前/最新的移动状态
// 当前位移的距离
const translatePointXRef: MutableRefObject<number> = useRef(0)
const translatePointYRef: MutableRefObject<number> = useRef(0)
// 上一次位移结束的位移距离
const fillStartPointXRef: MutableRefObject<number> = useRef(0)
const fillStartPointYRef: MutableRefObject<number> = useRef(0)

// 移动时候的监听函数
const handleMoveMode = (downX: number, downY: number) => {
  const { current: canvas } = canvasRef
  const { current: wrap } = wrapRef
  const { current: fillStartPointX } = fillStartPointXRef
  const { current: fillStartPointY } = fillStartPointYRef
  if (!canvas || !wrap || mouseMode !== 0) return

  // 为容器添加移动事件，可以在空白处移动图片
  wrap.onmousemove = (event: MouseEvent) => {
    const moveX: number = event.pageX
    const moveY: number = event.pageY

    // 更新现在的位移距离，值为：上一次位移结束的坐标+移动的距离
    translatePointXRef.current = fillStartPointX + (moveX - downX)
    translatePointYRef.current = fillStartPointY + (moveY - downY)

    // 更新画布的css变化
    canvas.style.transform = `scale(${canvasScale},${canvasScale}) translate(${translatePointXRef.current}px,${translatePointYRef.current}px)`
  }
  
  wrap.onmouseup = (event: MouseEvent) => {
    const upX: number = event.pageX
    const upY: number = event.pageY
    
    // 取消事件监听
    wrap.onmousemove = null
    wrap.onmouseup = null;

    // 鼠标抬起时候，更新“上一次唯一结束的坐标”
    fillStartPointXRef.current = fillStartPointX + (upX - downX)
    fillStartPointYRef.current = fillStartPointY + (upY - downY)
  }
}

// 监听鼠标滚轮，更新画布缩放倍数
const handleCanvas = () => {
  const { current: wrap } = wrapRef

  // 省略一万字...

  wrap.onwheel = null
  wrap.onwheel = (e: MouseWheelEvent) => {
    const { deltaY } = e
    // 这里要注意一下，我是0.1来递增递减，但是因为JS使用IEEE 754，来计算，所以精度有问题，我们自己处理一下
    const newScale: number = deltaY > 0
      ? (canvasScale * 10 - 0.1 * 10) / 10
      : (canvasScale * 10 + 0.1 * 10) / 10
    if (newScale < 0.1 || newScale > 2) return
    setCanvasScale(newScale)
  }
}

// 监听滑动条来控制缩放
<Slider
  min={0.1}
  max={2.01}
  step={0.1}
  value={canvasScale}
  tipFormatter={(value) => `${(value).toFixed(2)}x`}
  onChange={handleScaleChange} />
  
const handleScaleChange = (value: number) => {
  setCanvasScale(value)
}

//监听缩放画布
useEffect(() => {
  const { current: canvas } = canvasRef
  const { current: translatePointX } = translatePointXRef
  const { current: translatePointY } = translatePointYRef
  canvas && (canvas.style.transform = `scale(${canvasScale},${canvasScale}) translate(${translatePointX}px,${translatePointY}px)`)
}, [canvasScale])

// 利用公式转换一下坐标
const generateLinePoint = (x: number, y: number) => {
  const { current: wrap } = wrapRef
  const { current: translatePointX } = translatePointXRef
  const { current: translatePointY } = translatePointYRef
  const wrapWidth: number = wrap?.offsetWidth || 0
  const wrapHeight: number = wrap?.offsetHeight || 0
  // 缩放位移坐标变化规律
  // (transformOrigin - downX) / scale * (scale-1) + downX - translateX = pointX
  const pointX: number = ((wrapWidth / 2) - x) / canvasScale * (canvasScale - 1) + x - translatePointX
  const pointY: number = ((wrapHeight / 2) - y) / canvasScale * (canvasScale - 1) + y - translatePointY

  return {
    pointX,
    pointY
  }
}

// 监听鼠标画笔事件
const handleLineMode = (downX: number, downY: number) => {
  const { current: canvas } = canvasRef
  const { current: wrap } = wrapRef
  const context: CanvasRenderingContext2D | undefined | null = canvas?.getContext('2d')
  if (!canvas || !wrap || !context) return

  const offsetLeft: number = canvas.offsetLeft
  const offsetTop: number = canvas.offsetTop
  // 减去画布偏移的距离（以画布为基准进行计算坐标）
  downX = downX - offsetLeft
  downY = downY - offsetTop

  const { pointX, pointY } = generateLinePoint(downX, downY)
  context.globalCompositeOperation = "source-over"
  context.beginPath()
  // 设置画笔起点
  context.moveTo(pointX, pointY)

  canvas.onmousemove = null
  canvas.onmousemove = (event: MouseEvent) => {
    const moveX: number = event.pageX - offsetLeft
    const moveY: number = event.pageY - offsetTop
    const { pointX, pointY } = generateLinePoint(moveX, moveY)
    // 开始绘制画笔线条~
    context.lineTo(pointX, pointY)
    context.stroke()
  }
  canvas.onmouseup = () => {
    context.closePath()
    canvas.onmousemove = null
    canvas.onmouseup = null
  }
}

// 目前橡皮擦还有点问题，前端显示正常，保存图片下来，擦除的痕迹会变成白色
const handleEraserMode = (downX: number, downY: number) => {
  const { current: canvas } = canvasRef
  const { current: wrap } = wrapRef
  const context: CanvasRenderingContext2D | undefined | null = canvas?.getContext('2d')
  if (!canvas || !wrap || !context) return

  const offsetLeft: number = canvas.offsetLeft
  const offsetTop: number = canvas.offsetTop
  downX = downX - offsetLeft
  downY = downY - offsetTop

  const { pointX, pointY } = generateLinePoint(downX, downY)

  context.beginPath()
  context.moveTo(pointX, pointY)

  canvas.onmousemove = null
  canvas.onmousemove = (event: MouseEvent) => {
    const moveX: number = event.pageX - offsetLeft
    const moveY: number = event.pageY - offsetTop
    const { pointX, pointY } = generateLinePoint(moveX, moveY)
    context.globalCompositeOperation = "destination-out"
    context.lineWidth = lineWidth
    context.lineTo(pointX, pointY)
    context.stroke()
  }
  canvas.onmouseup = () => {
    context.closePath()
    canvas.onmousemove = null
    canvas.onmouseup = null
  }
}

// 定义参数存东东
const canvasHistroyListRef: MutableRefObject<ImageData[]> = useRef([])
const [canvasCurrentHistory, setCanvasCurrentHistory] = useState<number>(0)

const fillImage = async () => {
  // 省略一万字...

  img.src = await getURLBase64(fillImageSrc)
  img.onload = () => {
    const imageData: ImageData = context.getImageData(0, 0, canvas.width, canvas.height)
    canvasHistroyListRef.current = []
    canvasHistroyListRef.current.push(imageData)
    setCanvasCurrentHistory(1)
  }
}

const handleLineMode = (downX: number, downY: number) => {
  // 省略一万字...
  canvas.onmouseup = () => {
    const imageData: ImageData = context.getImageData(0, 0, canvas.width, canvas.height)

    // 如果此时处于撤销状态，此时再使用画笔，则将之后的状态清空，以刚画的作为最新的画布状态
    if (canvasCurrentHistory < canvasHistroyListRef.current.length) {
      canvasHistroyListRef.current = canvasHistroyListRef.current.slice(0, canvasCurrentHistory)
    }
    canvasHistroyListRef.current.push(imageData)
    setCanvasCurrentHistory(canvasCurrentHistory + 1)
    context.closePath()
    canvas.onmousemove = null
    canvas.onmouseup = null
  }
}

const handleRollBack = () => {
  const isFirstHistory: boolean = canvasCurrentHistory === 1
  if (isFirstHistory) return
  setCanvasCurrentHistory(canvasCurrentHistory - 1)
}

const handleRollForward = () => {
  const { current: canvasHistroyList } = canvasHistroyListRef
  const isLastHistory: boolean = canvasCurrentHistory === canvasHistroyList.length
  if (isLastHistory) return
  setCanvasCurrentHistory(canvasCurrentHistory + 1)
}

const handleClearCanvasClick = () => {
  const { current: canvas } = canvasRef
  const context: CanvasRenderingContext2D | undefined | null = canvas?.getContext('2d')
  if (!canvas || !context || canvasCurrentHistory === 0) return

  // 清空画布历史
  canvasHistroyListRef.current = [canvasHistroyListRef.current[0]]
  setCanvasCurrentHistory(1)

  message.success('画布清除成功！')
}

useEffect(() => {
  const { current: canvas } = canvasRef
  const { current: canvasHistroyList } = canvasHistroyListRef
  const context: CanvasRenderingContext2D | undefined | null = canvas?.getContext('2d')
  if (!canvas || !context || canvasCurrentHistory === 0) return
  context?.putImageData(canvasHistroyList[canvasCurrentHistory - 1], 0, 0)
}, [canvasCurrentHistory])

const handleMouseModeChange = (event: RadioChangeEvent) => {
  const { target: { value } } = event
  const { current: canvas } = canvasRef
  const { current: wrap } = wrapRef

  setmouseMode(value)

  if (!canvas || !wrap) return
  switch (value) {
    case MOVE_MODE:
      canvas.style.cursor = 'move'
      wrap.style.cursor = 'move'
      break
    case LINE_MODE:
      canvas.style.cursor = `url('http://cdn.algbb.cn/pencil.ico') 6 26, pointer`
      wrap.style.cursor = 'default'
      break
    case ERASER_MODE:
      message.warning('橡皮擦功能尚未完善，保存图片会出现错误')
      canvas.style.cursor = `url('http://cdn.algbb.cn/eraser.ico') 6 26, pointer`
      wrap.style.cursor = 'default'
      break
    default:
      canvas.style.cursor = 'default'
      wrap.style.cursor = 'default'
      break
  }
}

// 重置变换参数，重新绘制图片
useEffect(() => {
  setIsLoading(true)
  translatePointXRef.current = 0
  translatePointYRef.current = 0
  fillStartPointXRef.current = 0
  fillStartPointYRef.current = 0
  setCanvasScale(1)
  fillImage()
}, [fillImageSrc])

const handlePaperChange = (value: string) => {
  const fillImageList = {
    'xueshengjia': 'http://cdn.algbb.cn/test/canvasTest.jpg" alt="html5canvas功能介绍（Html5 Canvas实现图片标记、缩放、移动和保存历史状态功能 附转换公式）" border="0" />

window.onload = function () {
  const test = document.getElementById('test')
  console.log(`offsetLeft: ${test.offsetLeft}, offsetHeight: ${test.offsetTop}`)
}

html,
body {
  margin: 0;
  padding: 0;
}

#test {
  width: 50px;
  height: 50px;
  margin-left: 50px;
  background: red;
}

<li class="container">
  <li id="test"></li>
</li>

.wrap {
  position: relative;
  width: 400px;
  height: 300px;
  background: yellow;
}

<li class="container">
  <li class="sider"></li>
  <li class="wrap">
    <li id="test"></li>
  </li>
</li>

import React, { FC, ComponentType, useEffect, useRef, RefObject, useState, MutableRefObject } from 'react'
import { CustomBreadcrumb } from '@/admin/components'
import { RouteComponentProps } from 'react-router-dom';
import { FormComponentProps } from 'antd/lib/form';
import {
  Slider, Radio, Button, Tooltip, Icon, Select, Spin, message, Popconfirm
} from 'antd';

import './index.scss'
import { RadioChangeEvent } from 'antd/lib/radio';
import { getURLBase64 } from '@/admin/utils/getURLBase64'

const { Option, OptGroup } = Select;

type MarkPaperProps = RouteComponentProps & FormComponentProps

const MarkPaper: FC<MarkPaperProps> = (props: MarkPaperProps) => {
  const MOVE_MODE: number = 0
  const LINE_MODE: number = 1
  const ERASER_MODE: number = 2
  const canvasRef: RefObject<HTMLCanvasElement> = useRef(null)
  const containerRef: RefObject<HTMLliElement> = useRef(null)
  const wrapRef: RefObject<HTMLliElement> = useRef(null)
  const translatePointXRef: MutableRefObject<number> = useRef(0)
  const translatePointYRef: MutableRefObject<number> = useRef(0)
  const fillStartPointXRef: MutableRefObject<number> = useRef(0)
  const fillStartPointYRef: MutableRefObject<number> = useRef(0)
  const canvasHistroyListRef: MutableRefObject<ImageData[]> = useRef([])
  const [lineColor, setLineColor] = useState<string>('#fa4b2a')
  const [fillImageSrc, setFillImageSrc] = useState<string>('')
  const [mouseMode, setmouseMode] = useState<number>(MOVE_MODE)
  const [lineWidth, setLineWidth] = useState<number>(5)
  const [canvasScale, setCanvasScale] = useState<number>(1)
  const [isLoading, setIsLoading] = useState<boolean>(false)
  const [canvasCurrentHistory, setCanvasCurrentHistory] = useState<number>(0)

  useEffect(() => {
    setFillImageSrc('http://cdn.algbb.cn/test/canvasTest.jpg" alt="html5canvas功能介绍（Html5 Canvas实现图片标记、缩放、移动和保存历史状态功能 附转换公式）" border="0" />