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docker部署高性能服务器(Docker部署SQL Server 2019 Always On集群的实现)

更多 时间:2021-10-14 00:32:22 类别:服务器 浏览量:1673

docker部署高性能服务器

Docker部署SQL Server 2019 Always On集群的实现

Docker部署Always on集群

SQL Server在2016年开始支持Linux。随着2017和2019版本的发布,它开始支持Linux和容器平台上的HA/DR、Kubernetes和大数据集群解决方案。

在本文中,我们将在3个节点的Docker容器上安装SQL Server 2019,并创建AlwaysOn可用性组。

我们的目标是使用单个配置文件快速准备好环境。因此,开发人员或测试团队可以快速执行诸如兼容性、连通性、代码功能等测试。

在本节中,我们将首先准备一个基于Ubuntu的映像,以便能够在容器上安装可用性组。然后我们将执行必要的安装。

重要提示:不建议在生产环境中执行操作。安装是在Ubuntu 18.04上执行的。

安装Docker

安装Docker就不介绍了,自行安装即可.

架构

主机名 IP 端口 角色
sqlNode1 宿主机IP 1501:1433
sqlNode2 宿主机IP 1502:1433 副本
sqlNode3 宿主机IP 1503:1433 副本

端口表示:外网端口:内网端口

准备相关容器镜像

拉取操作系统和数据库的Docker镜像,如下

操作系统

  • docker pull ubuntu:18.04
    
    
  • SQL Server 2019

  • docker pull mcr.microsoft.com/mssql/server:2019-latest
    
    
  • 可通过docker images来查看已下载的镜像信息。

    镜像地址:https://hub.docker.com/_/microsoft-mssql-server

    开始配置-容器

    环境准备完毕后,开始正式的配置安装。

    步骤1:创建Dockerfile

    创建目录用于存放dockerfile、docker-compose.yml等文件。

  • mkdir /sql2019ha
    cd /sql2019ha
    touch dockerfile
    vi dockerfile
    
    
  • dockerfile内容如下

  • FROM ubuntu:18.04
     
    RUN apt-get update
     
    RUN apt install sudo wget curl gnupg gnupg1 gnupg2 -y
    RUN apt install software-properties-common systemd vim -y
    RUN wget -qO- https://packages.microsoft.com/keys/microsoft.asc | sudo apt-key add -
     
    RUN add-apt-repository "$(wget -qO- https://packages.microsoft.com/config/ubuntu/18.04/mssql-server-2019.list)"
    RUN apt-get update
    RUN apt-get install -y mssql-server
     
    RUN /opt/mssql/bin/mssql-conf set hadr.hadrenabled  1
    RUN /opt/mssql/bin/mssql-conf set sqlagent.enabled true
     
    EXPOSE 1433
     
    ENTRYPOINT /opt/mssql/bin/sqlservr
    
    
  • 说明

    • FROM:表示基于什么镜像进行安装的
    • RUN:在镜像中进行的操作
    • EXPOSE:指定服务端口
    • ENTRYPOINT:运行命令

    步骤2:编译镜像

    通过dockerfile来编译镜像,用于后面的安装,命令:docker build -t sqlag2019:ha .

    其中sqlag2019为镜像名称,ha是镜像标签,.表示在当前目录下编译,因为dockerfile就在当前目录下。

    以下输出是精简的,实际上输出非常多…也需要一定时间(安装一些包、数据库等),由网速决定

  • $ docker build -t sqlag2019:ha .
    Sending build context to Docker daemon   2.56kB
    Step 1/12 : FROM ubuntu:18.04
     ---> c3c304cb4f22
    Step 2/12 : RUN apt-get update
     ---> Running in 950e50f80f00
    Get:1 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic InRelease [242 kB]
    Get:2 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-security InRelease [88.7 kB]
    Get:3 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-security/main amd64 Packages [932 kB]
    Get:4 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-updates InRelease [88.7 kB]...
    Step 3/12 : RUN apt install sudo wget curl gnupg gnupg1 gnupg2 -y
     ---> Running in edc9d15b2383
    ..
    ..
    Step 8/12 : RUN sudo apt-get install -y mssql-server
     ---> Running in 43d82a503f8a
    Reading package lists...
    Building dependency tree...
    Reading state information...
    The following additional packages will be installed:
    Step 9/12 : RUN sudo /opt/mssql/bin/mssql-conf set hadr.hadrenabled  1
     ---> Running in 166c6596d2dd
    SQL Server needs to be restarted in order to apply this setting. Please run
    'systemctl restart mssql-server.service'.
    Removing intermediate container 166c6596d2dd
     ---> bcdb057fed43
    Step 10/12 : RUN sudo /opt/mssql/bin/mssql-conf set sqlagent.enabled true
     ---> Running in 22dd6a93d1ef
    SQL Server needs to be restarted in order to apply this setting. Please run
    'systemctl restart mssql-server.service'.
    Removing intermediate container 22dd6a93d1ef
     ---> 6b90afbaf94e
    Step 11/12 : EXPOSE 1433
     ---> Running in bcc14f3b0bad
    Removing intermediate container bcc14f3b0bad
     ---> 4aae1563aa74
    Step 12/12 : ENTRYPOINT /opt/mssql/bin/sqlservr
     ---> Running in 68b6ed45ff6a
    Removing intermediate container 68b6ed45ff6a
     ---> b7467618c371
    Successfully built b7467618c371
    Successfully tagged sqlag2019:ha
    
    
  • 最后出现Successfully表示编译成功,否则根据错误信息进行解决。

    步骤3:创建容器

    现在镜像编译好了,下面再通过docker-compose文件来创建、配置3个容器,具体内容如下:

  • $ touch docker-compose.yml
    $ vi docker-compose.yml
    
    
  • version: '3'
     
    services:
      db1:
        container_name: sqlNode1
        image: sqlag2019:ha
        hostname: sqlNode1
        domainname: lab.local
        environment:
          SA_PASSWORD: "MyPassWord123"
          ACCEPT_EULA: "Y"
        ports:
        - "1501:1433"
        extra_hosts:
          sqlNode2.labl.local: "172.16.238.22"
          sqlNode3.labl.local: "172.16.238.23"
        networks:
            internal:
                    ipv4_address: 172.16.238.21
     
      db2:
        container_name: sqlNode2
        image: sqlag2019:ha
        hostname: sqlNode2
        domainname: lab.local
        environment:
          SA_PASSWORD: "MyPassWord123"
          ACCEPT_EULA: "Y"
        ports:
        - "1502:1433"
        extra_hosts:
          sqlNode1.lab.local: "172.16.238.21"
          sqlNode3.lab.local: "172.16.238.23"
        networks:
            internal:
                    ipv4_address: 172.16.238.22
     
      db3:
        container_name: sqlNode3
        image: sqlag2019:ha
        hostname: sqlNode3
        domainname: lab.local
        environment:
          SA_PASSWORD: "MyPassWord123"
          ACCEPT_EULA: "Y"
        ports:
        - "1503:1433"
        extra_hosts:
          sqlNode1.lab.local: "172.16.238.21"
          sqlNode2.lab.local: "172.16.238.22"
        networks:
            internal:
                    ipv4_address: 172.16.238.23
     
    networks:
        internal:
          ipam:
                driver: default
                config:
                    - subnet: 172.16.238.0/24
    
    
  • 步骤4:启动容器

    然后通过docker-compose up -d命令启动三个容器,其中-d表示在后台运行。

  • $ docker-compose up -d
    Creating network "sql2019hademo_internal" with the default driver
    Creating sqlNode2 ...
    Creating sqlNode1 ...
    Creating sqlNode2
    Creating sqlNode3 ...
    Creating sqlNode1
    Creating sqlNode2 ... done
    
    
  • 注意:docker-compose是需要单独安装的,就是一个可执行文件。可通过apt、yum来安装。

    查看容器状态

  • $ docker-compose ps
    Name                Command               State           Ports
    --------------------------------------------------------------------------
    sqlNode1   /bin/sh -c /opt/mssql/bin/ ...   Up      0.0.0.0:1501->1433/tcp
    sqlNode2   /bin/sh -c /opt/mssql/bin/ ...   Up      0.0.0.0:1502->1433/tcp
    sqlNode3   /bin/sh -c /opt/mssql/bin/ ...   Up      0.0.0.0:1503->1433/tcp
    
    
  • 至此容器已经启动完成,下面通过SSMS连接数据库进行相关检查和配置ALWAYSON。

    步骤5:SSMS连接MSSQL

    通过宿主机的外网IP+端口连接相应的数据库,如下:

    docker部署高性能服务器(Docker部署SQL Server 2019 Always On集群的实现)

    注意:IP和端口之间是逗号

    docker部署高性能服务器(Docker部署SQL Server 2019 Always On集群的实现)

    可以看到数据库的图标也是Linux的图标。

    配置-数据库

    这部分就是在数据库中进行相关配置,如:创建KEY加密文件,管理用户、可用组等。

    步骤1:连接主库-sqlNode1

    主库也就是节点1,端口是1501,连接方法如上图。

    我们将证书和私钥提取到/tmp/dbm_certificate.cer/tmp/dbm_certificate.pvk文件中。

    我们将这些文件复制到其他节点,并根据以下文件创建主密钥和证书:执行以下脚本

  • USE master
    GO
     
    CREATE LOGIN dbm_login WITH PASSWORD = 'MyStr0ngPa$w0rd';
    CREATE USER dbm_user FOR LOGIN dbm_login;
    GO
     
    CREATE MASTER KEY ENCRYPTION BY PASSWORD = 'MyStr0ngPa$w0rd';
    go
    CREATE CERTIFICATE dbm_certificate WITH SUBJECT = 'dbm';
    BACKUP CERTIFICATE dbm_certificate
    TO FILE = '/tmp/dbm_certificate.cer'
    WITH PRIVATE KEY (
            FILE = '/tmp/dbm_certificate.pvk',
            ENCRYPTION BY PASSWORD = 'MyStr0ngPa$w0rd'
        );
    GO
    
    
  • 将文件拷贝到其他两个节点:

  • $ docker cp sqlNode1:/tmp/dbm_certificate.cer .
    $ docker cp sqlNode1:/tmp/dbm_certificate.pvk .
    $ docker cp dbm_certificate.cer sqlNode2:/tmp/
    $ docker cp dbm_certificate.pvk sqlNode2:/tmp/
    $ docker cp dbm_certificate.cer sqlNode3:/tmp/
    $ docker cp dbm_certificate.pvk sqlNode3:/tmp/
    
    
  • 步骤2:连接从库-sqlNode2和sqlNode3

    两个从库的端口分别是:1502和1503.然后重复主库执行的操作,如下:

  • CREATE LOGIN dbm_login WITH PASSWORD = 'MyStr0ngPa$w0rd';
    CREATE USER dbm_user FOR LOGIN dbm_login;
    GO
     
    CREATE MASTER KEY ENCRYPTION BY PASSWORD = 'MyStr0ngPa$w0rd';
    GO
    CREATE CERTIFICATE dbm_certificate   
        AUTHORIZATION dbm_user
        FROM FILE = '/tmp/dbm_certificate.cer'
        WITH PRIVATE KEY (
        FILE = '/tmp/dbm_certificate.pvk',
        DECRYPTION BY PASSWORD = 'MyStr0ngPa$w0rd'
    );
    GO
    
    
  • 步骤3:所有节点

    在所有节点上执行以下命令

  • CREATE ENDPOINT [Hadr_endpoint]
        AS TCP (LISTENER_IP = (0.0.0.0), LISTENER_PORT = 5022)
        FOR DATA_MIRRORING (
            ROLE = ALL,
            AUTHENTICATION = CERTIFICATE dbm_certificate,
            ENCRYPTION = REQUIRED ALGORITHM AES
            );
    ALTER ENDPOINT [Hadr_endpoint] STATE = STARTED;
    GRANT CONNECT ON ENDPOINT::[Hadr_endpoint] TO [dbm_login];
    
    
  • 启用开机自启动ALWAYON,在所有节点执行以下命令

  • ALTER EVENT SESSION  AlwaysOn_health ON SERVER WITH (STARTUP_STATE=ON);
    GO
    
    
  • 步骤4:创建高可用组

    可以用SSMS工具和T-SQL两种方式,下面以T-SQL为例:

    运行以下脚本在主节点中创建一个可用性组。 请注意,选择CLUSTER_TYPE = NONE选项是因为它是在没有诸如Pacemaker或Windows Server故障转移群集之类的群集管理平台的情况下安装的。

    如果要在Linux上安装AlwaysOn AG,则应为Pacemaker选择CLUSTER_TYPE = EXTERNAL:

  • CREATE AVAILABILITY GROUP [AG1]
            WITH (CLUSTER_TYPE = NONE)
            FOR REPLICA ON
            N'sqlNode1'
                WITH (
                ENDPOINT_URL = N'tcp://sqlNode1:5022',
                AVAILABILITY_MODE = ASYNCHRONOUS_COMMIT,
                    SEEDING_MODE = AUTOMATIC,
                    FAILOVER_MODE = MANUAL,
                SECONDARY_ROLE (ALLOW_CONNECTIONS = ALL)
                    ),
            N'sqlNode2'
                WITH (
                ENDPOINT_URL = N'tcp://sqlNode2:5022',
                AVAILABILITY_MODE = ASYNCHRONOUS_COMMIT,
                    SEEDING_MODE = AUTOMATIC,
                    FAILOVER_MODE = MANUAL,
                SECONDARY_ROLE (ALLOW_CONNECTIONS = ALL)
                    ),
            N'sqlNode3'
                WITH (
                ENDPOINT_URL = N'tcp://sqlNode3:5022',
                AVAILABILITY_MODE = ASYNCHRONOUS_COMMIT,
                    SEEDING_MODE = AUTOMATIC,
                    FAILOVER_MODE = MANUAL,
                SECONDARY_ROLE (ALLOW_CONNECTIONS = ALL)
                    );
    GO
    
    
  • 在从库中执行以下命令,将从库加入到AG组中

  • ALTER AVAILABILITY GROUP [ag1] JOIN WITH (CLUSTER_TYPE = NONE);
    ALTER AVAILABILITY GROUP [ag1] GRANT CREATE ANY DATABASE;
    GO
    
    
  • 至此在Docker容器中安装SQL Server Alwayson集群已经完成了!

    注意:当指定CLUSTER_TYPE = NONE创建可用组时,在执行故障转移时需执行以下命令

  • ALTER AVAILABILITY GROUP [ag1] FORCE_FAILOVER_ALLOW_DATA_LOSS
    
  • 测试

    在主库上创建一个数据库,并加入到可用组AG中。

  • CREATE DATABASE agtestdb;
    GO
    ALTER DATABASE agtestdb SET RECOVERY FULL;
    GO
    BACKUP DATABASE agtestdb TO DISK = '/var/opt/mssql/data/agtestdb.bak';
    GO
    ALTER AVAILABILITY GROUP [ag1] ADD DATABASE [agtestdb];
    GO
    
    
  • 通过SSMS查看同步状态是否正常.

    参考连接

    https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/sql/linux/quickstart-install-connect-docker?view=sql-server-ver15
    https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/sql/linux/quickstart-install-connect-ubuntu?view=sql-server-ver15
    https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/sql/linux/sql-server-linux-create-availability-group?view=sql-server-ver15
    https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/sql/linux/sql-server-linux-configure-mssql-conf?view=sql-server-ver15
    https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/sql/linux/sql-server-linux-configure-environment-variables?view=sql-server-ver15
    https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/sql/linux/sql-server-linux-availability-group-cluster-ubuntu?view=sql-server-linux-ver15
    https://docs.docker.com/engine/install/ubuntu/
    https://docs.docker.com/compose/

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