维多利亚女王轶事（维多利亚女王生平）

1837年6月20日，英国国王兼汉诺威国王威廉四世去世，年仅18岁的维多利亚继位。同时，她将汉诺威王位让予她另一叔父，汉诺威不再属于英国。自此，汉诺威王朝结束，萨克森－科堡－哥达王朝开始。

On June 20, 1837, King William IV, King of England and King of Hanover, died and Victoria succeeded to the throne at the age of 18. At the same time, she ceded the Hanoverian throne to her other uncle, and Hanover ceased to belong to England.

Since then, the Hanoverian Dynasty ended and the Saxe-Coburg-Gotha Dynasty began.

维多利亚于1819年出生于伦敦，是乔治三世的第四个儿子肯特公爵爱德华与德国维多利亚公主唯一的孩子，其父在维多利亚不满一岁的时候就去世了。维多利亚的母亲有着极强的控制欲，她在其母亲和审计官约翰·康罗伊设计的“肯辛顿”体系下被与世隔绝般的抚养长大，这让维多利亚的童年充满了孤独。

Born inLondon in 1819, Victoria was the only child of Edward, fourth son of GeorgeIII, Duke of Kent, and Princess Victoria of Germany, whose father died whenVictoria was less than a year old. Victoria's mother was extremely controllingand she was raised in isolation under the "Kensington" system devisedby her mother and John Conroy, the auditor, which made Victoria's childhood alonely one.

她曾在日记里写过这样一段话，可以看出她童年生活是很孤独的。

在这种严格的教育下，维多利亚得到了迅速的成长，开始不愿意完全听从母亲的意见，有了自己的主见，成为了一名优秀的王位继承人。

she once wrote this passage in her diary, which shows that her childhood life was very lonely.

Underthis strict upbringing, Victoria grew up quickly, became reluctant to followher mother's advice, and became a good heir to the throne with her ownopinions.

在维多利亚的统治下，英国迅速发展，并加大殖民扩张，英国人口数达到全世界人口的四分之一，商业经济总额达到了全世界的五分之一，英国因此被称为“日不落帝国”

英国经济学家杰文斯在1865年写的这段话描述了当时日不落帝国的极度繁荣。

Under Victoria's rule, Britain grew rapidly and increased its colonial expansion, reaching one-fourth of the world's population and one-fifth of the world's commercial economy, making it known as the "Sunset Empire".

This passage writtenby the British economist Jevons in 1865 describes the extreme prosperity of theEmpire of the Sunset at that time.

这个图描述了维多利亚统治时期英国的殖民扩张之路。

This diagram depicts the path of British colonial expansion during Victorian rule.

维多利亚开创了白色婚礼的时代，维多利亚女王在与其丈夫结婚时头戴白色头纱，身着白色礼服，自此，西方婚礼上新娘身穿白色结婚礼服也逐渐成了流传至今的传统习俗。

Victoriastarted the era of white weddings, when Queen Victoria wore a white veil and awhite dress when she married her husband.Since then，it has become a tradition for bide to wear white dress at western wedding.

维多利亚时期小说成为最受欢迎的文学类型，涌现了一大批以狄更斯，王尔德，勃朗特三姐妹为代表的文学家。简爱，呼啸山庄，雾都孤儿等作品都在世界文学宝库中占据了不可动摇的地位。

The Victorian novelbecame the most popular literary genre, and a large number of literary writersrepresented by Dickens, Wilde and the three Brontë sisters emerged. Works suchas Jane Eyre, Wuthering Heights and The Orphan of the Mist have occupied an unshakableposition in the world's literary treasures.

这是一张1894年的照片，维多利亚女王和她的家人在一场婚礼上合影留念。站在女王背后的，都是她的族中晚辈，包括未来的德皇威廉二世，沙俄皇储尼古拉、英国王储威尔士亲王爱德华。令人唏嘘的是，20多年后，维多利亚女王的外孙德皇威廉二世，竟然在第一次世界大战时统辖德军与英国开战，这一大家子人打得不可开交。

This is an 1894photo of Queen Victoria and her family at a wedding. Standing behind the Queenare the younger members of her family, including the future Kaiser Wilhelm II,Crown Prince Nicholas of Tsarist Russia, and Prince Edward of Wales, CrownPrince of England. Sadly, more than 20 years later, Queen Victoria's grandson,Kaiser Wilhelm II, turned out to be in command of the German army at war withBritain in World War I. The family fought to a standstill.

参考资料：文字：百度；图片：微博；翻译：百度翻译

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