英才教育的英才教程（英才教育网络薛立新导师）

用否定谓语动同来否定句子某一部分的现象叫否定转移，常见的否定转移有以下几种：

一、当表示猜想和主观看法的动词。如 think，suppose，believe，imagine，expect，fancy 等带宾语从句时，其从句中的否定要转移到主句。如：

①I didn't expect he would come tomorrow．我原认为他明天不会来。

②I didn't think I knew you．我想我不认识你。

③They don't suppose I can teach English well．他们认为我不能教好英语。

④Idon'tthinkheisright，ishe？ ( 注意从句中否定的转移，反意疑问句要用肯定式。 )

二、半助动词 happen，seem 作谓语时，也可将否定谓语转移到否定句子的其它成份。如：

①I didn't happen to have any money on me．＝ I happened not to have any money on me．

＝ It [ so ] happened that I didn't have any money on me．我碰巧身边没带钱。

②He doesn't seem to know me。＝ It seems that he doesn't know me．他似乎不认识我。

类似的动词还有 feel，look，taste，smell，appear，sound 等。

③The blackboard doesn't feel smooth．＝ The blackboard feels not smooth．这块黑板摸起来并不光滑。

三、当 not 否定除谓语外的其他成份，且句中有 all，both，

every，some，many，everyone，everything，everywhere，everybody

等代词、形容词或副词时，其否定转移到谓语动词上去，它们和

not 一起只表示部分否定，而不表示完全否定。如：

①Not all the ants go out for food．＝ All the ants don't go out for food．并非所有的蚂蚁都出去寻找食物。

③Every student can not answer the question．＝ Not every student can answer the question．并不是每个学生都能回答这个问题。

③All is not gold that glitters．＝ Not all that glitters is gold．闪闪发光的未必都是金子。

四、以 because 引导的原因状语从句或 becauseof 引导的原因

状语，其否定常常转移到主句谓语动词上去。如：

①Galileo was not ready to believe something just because Aris-totle said so．

＝ Galileo was ready to believe something not just because Aris-totle said so．

伽利略并不因为亚里士多德说过某事如何如何，就轻易相信它。

注意上述句子，主句和从句之间没有用逗号隔开；若用逗号隔开，则意思就不同了，试比较下面的句子。

②She didn't ask the teacher some questions because she was afr-aid of him．

她没有问教师问题，因为她怕他。

③She didn't ask the teacher some questions because she was afr-aid of him．

＝ Sheaskedtheteachersomequestions，notbecauseshewasaf-raid of him。

她并不是因为怕教师才去问他问题的。

④I didn't go there because of my illness．＝ I went there not because of my illness．

我不是因为生病才去那儿的。

五、以 till，until 引导的介词短语或时间状语从句，其主句谓语的否定形式也常常转移。如：

①I didn't start out until my mother came back．

＝ Not until my mother came back did I start out．

注意：以 Not until 开头的句子。主句要用倒装形式。直到母亲回来我才出发。

请看这一句的强调结构：It was not until my mother came backthat I started out．

②They didn't part ( 分手 ) until sunset．＝ Not until sanset did they part．直到太阳落山他们才分手。

六、主句谓语的否定也可转移到状语中。如：

①I did't come to borrow your bike．＝ I came not to borrow your bike．我来并不是向你借自行车的。

②He doesn't got school by bus，but on foot．＝ He goes to school not by bus，but on foot．

他上学不乘车，而是步行。

③You shouldn't judge a stranger always by the clothes he wears．

＝ You should judge a stranger not always by the clothes he wea-rs．

你不要总是根据陌生人的穿着来判断他的身份。

Exercise：

将下列句子译成汉语，注意否定转移的用法。

1．I am sorry，but I don't think I know you．

2．The mountain is not valuable because it is high．

3．I'd better not go myself．

4．He was not put on trial before he was put in prison．

5．All ants don't go out for food．

6．Nothing happened．

7．He listened，but could hear nothing．

8．He would have none of them．

Key：

1．很抱歉，但是我认为我不认识你。

2．山的价值并不在于它的高度。

3．我最好不亲自去。

4．未经审判，他就被关进了监狱。

5．并非所有的蚂蚁都出去寻找食物。

6．没有发生什么事情。

7．他听了听，可是什么也听不到。

8．他根本不理这一套。

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