英语补语和补足语（英语的补足语）

补足语是为了补充说明一个句子的含义所必须的一个句子成分，可以是一个单词，一个词组或一个从句。补足语是强制的，去掉它句子不完整，不像修饰语可以去掉。

有四种形式的补足语：

1. 主语补足语
2. 宾语补足语
3. 表语补足语
4. 状语补足语

Exercise (主语) is good (主语补足语).

Exercise makes you (宾语) healthy (宾语补足语).

主语补足语

主语补足语是系动词后面的形容词、代词、名词或介词短语，用于补充说明主语的必要信息, 主语补足语又被称作表语。

主语 系动词 主语补足语

Life is a blessing.

Pinocchio looked like a real boy.

'Who is it?' 'It’s me!'

You seem nice.

The book was useful.

The pen is in the backpack.

I am across the street.

The cake tasted fantastic.

My uniform is torn and dirty.

My coworkers are friendly.

This story is exciting.

这样的系动词有：

• Seem
• Feel
• Taste
• Smell
• Appear
• Like
• Look
• Stay
• Have
• Turn

It always seems impossible until it is done.

宾语补足语

宾语补足语放在直接宾语后面补充宾语的更多信息。

He makes me mad.

I don't need drugs to make my life tragic.

Lee licked the plate clean.

主语subject 动词 直接宾语 宾语补足语

宾语补足语可以是名词、形容词、关联从句、不定式、动名词或短语。

宾语补足语之前的动词一般是使役动词，如： elect, appoint, make, choose, deem, assign, call, name, select, judge, 和designate等.

We named our son Alan.

They voted him the best actor for his latest movie.

Jimmy’s teacher called him a troublemaker.

The teacher’s remark made me angry.

I want to make my friend happy.

从句做补足语

Do you know somebody who can fix my tablet?

I loved the book that you gave me for my birthday.

.动词不定式做补足语

I don't expect you to cooperate.

They forced me to close my store.

分词做补足语

They came across her lying facedown in her bed.

I saw a man standing near a tall tree.

The meeting left many questions unanswered.

表语补足语

表语补足语是补充说明表语的信息，可以是介词短语、不定式、不定式短语、或名词从句等来进一步说明形容词的情况。

介词短语

I am absolutely happy on my own.

Laura felt alone in the whole wide world.

不定式和不定式短语

I am very pleased to meet you.

I am really honored to be of service.

名词性从句

We were a little curious why they decided to leave.

We are so excited that Martin is coming to stay with us for the summer.

We were curious why they decided to leave.

I’m thrilled that you are coming to visit.

It’s so wonderful what he did for those orphans.

They’re unsure whether this is the right decision.

状语补足语

状语补足语是副词或介词短语， 用于补充说明动词的含义。一般是描述运动、地点、方位等词需要状语补足语。它们放在这类动词之后。

The director sent the boy home.

Jack put the turkey in the oven.

,