你对自己的身体了解多少（你的身体是如何区分左右的呢）

We. Love.，我来为大家科普一下关于你对自己的身体了解多少?以下内容希望对你有帮助!

你对自己的身体了解多少

We. Love.

我们。喜欢。

Symmetry. It's in our art, and architecture.

对称。我们的艺术、建筑中都有对称元素。

We even balance equations on it. Our love of symmetry makes sense, because we're symmetrical.

我们甚至以对称形式保持等式。我们钟爱于对称是有道理的，因为我们就是对称的。

Two eyes, two ears, two arms, and two legs. Bodies that built like paper dolls.

两个眼睛、两只耳朵、两只手臂、还有两条腿。身体塑造得像纸人。

But that outward beauty is superficial. Peel back the curtain, and that symmetry disappears.

但外表的对称美是肤浅的。拉开幕布，对称性就消失了。

Your guts are a mess. Unless you're from Gallifrey, you have one heart, on the left side of your body, same as your stomach and spleen, but your liver is on the right.

你的内脏一团糟。如果你不是来自加利弗雷星，那么你就只有一颗心脏，在你身体的左侧，和你的胃和脾脏一样，但是你的肝脏在右侧。

Even organs that look symmetrical at first seem to tip one way or the other. The right lung is divided into three lobes while the left lung has only two.

即使是一开始看起来对称的器官似乎也会向一个或另一个方向倾斜。右肺分为三个叶，左肺只有两个叶。

And in your brain, two areas that are needed for speech and language are found only on one lobe, usually the left. Animals as distantly related as starfish show similar internal asymmetry.

而在你的大脑中，讲话和语言所需的两个区域只在一个脑叶上有，通常是在左侧。与海星远亲的动物显示出相似的内部的不对称性。

The interesting thing isn't that our bodies are asymmetrical in the first place, but that we all have the same asymmetry.Unless you have a case of oppositus. 1 in 20,000 people on Earth have a genetic condition called situs inversus, where the internal organs are inverted left to right.

有趣的不是我们的身体一开始不对称，而是我们都有一模一样的不对称性。除非你有相反的情况。地球上每2万人中就有1人患有一种称为Situs Inversus的遗传病，其内部器官左右颠倒。

These people usually show no negative effects from their reversed innards. Unless their name is Donny Osmond.

这些人通常没有因他们扭转的内部结构而表现出负面影响。除非他们是唐尼·奥斯蒙。

In 1972, the singer was checked into the hospital nearly unconscious from a pain in the left side of his abdomen.Sounds like a classic case of appendicitis, except the pain was in the wrong place.

1972年，这位歌手由于腹部左侧痛得几乎失去知觉，被送进医院。听起来像是阑尾炎的典型病例，只是疼痛的部位不对。

The doctors operated anyway, and removed his burst appendix with only hours to spare. . . from the opposite side of his body where it should have been. Enrique Iglesias and Catherine O' Hara also have situs inversus. . . maybe one of you do too.

医生们无论如何都做了手术，把在只有几个小时情况下，把那破裂的阑尾切除了……从他本来应该切除的另一边。恩里克·伊格莱西亚斯和凯瑟琳·奥哈拉也有Situs Inversus症状…也许你们中的一个也有。

But if people can live happy, healthy lives with inverted organs, why don't half of us have half of us on either half of us? And if it's doesn't hurt to be asymmetrical on the inside, why are we so non-asymmetrical on the outside?

但是，如果器官是扭转的人都过上幸福、健康的日子，为什么我们中有一半人的一半都不能拥有我们的一半呢？如果体内不对称不要紧的话，为什么我们的外表又如此对称呢？

One theory says that throughout evolution, when animals are looking to pass their genes on to the next generation, sometimes it is what's on the outside that counts. Female barn swallows seem to choose males based on the symmetry of their long forked tails.

有一种理论认为，在整个进化过程中，当动物希望把他们的基因传给下一代时，有时最重要的是外部的东西。雌性谷仓燕子似乎是根据它们长而分叉的尾巴的对称性来选择雄性的。

Highly symmetrical bodies in animals might signal quality genes, and better offspring. Of course when humans pair up, we display many kinds of symmetry, and we look for a lot more than just balanced bodies.

动物界存在的高度对称的体型可能代表着高质量的基因、以及更好的后代。当然，当人类配对时，我们表现出多种对称性，我们追求的不仅是均衡的身体。

I mean, you wouldn't decide to date someone based on where their heart was, as long as it's with you. So how does it get this way?

我的意思是，只要他/她心在你那儿，你不会根据他/她的心脏在哪个位置决定是否和他/他约会。所以它怎么就是现在这样的呢？

All we need in order to define left from right is to determine which ends will be the head and tail, and which will be back and belly. But that only sculpts our outer shell.

为了定义左右，我们要做的就是确定哪一端是头部和尾部，哪一端是背部和腹部。但那只能塑造我们的外壳。

Maybe the orientation of your organs may just have to go with the flow. In the earliest days of an embryo, left and right are symmetrical.

也许你的器官的方向与血流方向是一致的。在胚胎的早期，左右是对称。

Last year researchers found that hairlike cilia on this special bunch of cells began to beat in unison, pointing toward what will later become the left side. Like a blender, They wash a current over the outside of the embryo, and sensing that current leads to the expression of a gene that determines the side on every one of your organs will live on.

去年，研究人员发现，这一特殊细胞群上的毛发状纤毛开始协调一致地跳动，指向后来会变成左侧的部分。就像搅拌器一样，它们在胚胎外部清洗电流，并感应到电流会导致一个基因的表达，这个基因决定了你每个器官的生存侧。？？

It's strange, because it doesn't have to be that way. Our guts could work in either orientation.

这很奇怪，它不必非得这样。我们的肠胃也以任何一个方向都运作。

But for most of us, it just is that way. Hopefully you've seen the other videos in this series on guts.

但对于我们大多数来说，它就是这样的。希望你看过这个系列的其他关于肠胃的视频。

It's obvious that reversing the other axes of the body, where is the back and belly, or the mouth and the anus, would have some serious evolutionary consequences. But left and right seem to be more interchangeable.

显然，要是改变身体的其他对称轴，即背部和腹部，或者口腔和肛门，都会带来一些严重的进化后果。但是左和右更可能相互转换。

But time and time again in the story of our body we have seen the incredible influence of seemingly chance events on the course of evolution. The first animal to put its eyes near its mouth might be the reason you have a brain in your head.

但在关于我们身体的故事中，我们一次又一次地见证了那些看似偶然的事件对进化过程造成的不可思议的影响。动物第一次将眼睛挪近嘴可能就是促使你头颅内部里有大脑的原因。

A worm doing the backstroke might be the reason your spine runs down your back. And a tiny molecular propeller, leaning one way or the other might be the reason that your heart is in the right. . . or left place.

那只做仰泳的蠕虫可能就是为什么你的脊椎沿着背部往下的原因。一个微小的分子螺旋桨，偏向一个方向还是另一个方向可能就是为什么你的心脏在右边或左边的原因。

Stay curious. This video is part of a three-part series all about guts.

保持好奇心。这个视频是一个由三集系列节目中的一集。

If you wanna know more about why your body is organized the way that it is, check out the rest of these videos.

如果你想知道更多为什么你的身体是现在的组织的方式的原因，看看这些视频的剩下几集吧。

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