英语语法一般将来时（英语语法一般将来时）

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英语语法:一般将来时 Future Simple: Will vs Going To vs Shall

● Will and Going To are commonly used to talk about the future. However, Going To is preferred in spoken English (where it is often pronounced gonna and Will is preferred in formal written English.

● Will、Going To均可用来谈论将来。Going To (gonna) 在口语中比较常用，Will则在正式的书面语中比较常用。

★ Andy will/Andy is going to meet us in the restaurant at 8 P.M.

★ 安迪将于晚上8点在餐厅与我们见面。

★ Will you/Are you going to come back this evening?

★ 你今天晚上会回来吗？

★ I think it will/it is going to be foggy tomorrow.

★ 我认为明天有雾。

● We use Going To rather than Will when we predict that something will happen in the future because we have some evidence for it now. It may be that we predict an event that is just about to happen on the basis of something that we feel, see, etc. or because we have been told that it will happen.

● 预测有迹象发生某事，或根据所感所见或者是因为被告知某事即将发生，用Going To。

★ Listen to the loud crash of thunder. It’s going to rain.

★ 听那震耳的雷声，天就要下雨了。

★ I wouldn’t walk across that old bridge if I were you. It looks like it is going to collapse.

★ 如果我是你，我就不会穿过那座老桥。那座桥看起来要塌了。

★ I don’t feel well. I think I’m going to throw up.

★ 我感觉不舒服，我想我要吐了。

★ I think it’s going to rain. I just felt some drops.

★ 我觉得要下雨了，刚感觉有雨滴落下。

★ Did you know that Andy and Cathy are going to get married?

★ 你知道安迪和凯茜要结婚了吗？

● However, if we make a prediction based on our opinion or our past experience, we use Will.

● 主观臆测或根据以往经验认为某事会发生，用Will。

★ Why not come over at the weekend? The children will enjoy seeing you again.

★ 为什么不周末过来呢？再次见到你，孩子们会很开心的。

★ I imagine the stadium will be full for the match on Saturday.

★ 我想周六的比赛体育场会爆满。

★ Next year, more people will enter the competition as the prize money increases.

★ 明年会有更多的人来参赛，因为奖金提高了。

● When we talk about intentions or decisions about the future that were made some time before we speak, we prefer Going To.

● 事先计划或事先决定做某事，倾向于使用Going To。

★ They’re going to get married next year.

★ 他们明年就要结婚了。

★ Cathy is going to retire before she reaches 60. She mentioned it at the meeting recently.

★ 凯西要在60岁之前退休，她最近在一次会议上提到过此事。

★ I’m going to accept the job offer.

★ 我打算接受这份工作。

★ Andy told me that he is going to move back to Spain.

★ 安迪告诉我他要搬回西班牙。

● However, in a formal style, we use Will rather than Going To to talk about future events that have been previously arranged in some detail.

● 但是，在正式文体中，表示事先对将要发生的事情进行了详细的安排，用Will而非Going To。

★ The meeting will begin at 10 am.

★ 会议将于上午十点开始。

★ Coffee will be available from 9:30 onwards.

★ 咖啡9:30开始供应。

★ Closed over the New Year period. We will re-open on 15th January.

★ 新年期间暂停营业，我们将于1月15日重新营业。

● When we state a decision made at the moment of speaking, we prefer Will.

● 表示突然的决定，用Will。

★ I’m thirsty. I think I will buy a drink.

★ 我渴了。我想我要买一杯饮料来喝。

★ Is that the phone? Don’t worry. I’ll get it.

★ 是电话响了吗？别担心，我来接。

● We can use Will or Going To with little difference in meaning in the main clause of an if-sentence when we say that something is conditional on something else: something will happen if something else will happen first:

● 在if引导的条件句中，表示某事发生的条件是另一件事先行发生，主句中用Will 或 Going To，意思并不差别。

★ If we go on like this, we will/we are going to lose all our money.

★ 如果我们继续这样下去，我们将失去所有的钱。

★ If we don’t leave now, we will/we are going to miss the train.

★ 如果我们现在还不出发，我们将赶不上火车。

★ If you stand in the rain a little longer, you will/you are going to catch cold.

★如果你在雨中再站一会，你就会得感冒。

● However, we use Will, not Going To, when we describe a future event that follows another. Often, IF has a meaning similar to WHEN in this kind of sentence.

● 但是，当表示未来的某件事情伴随着另一件事情发生，用Will而非Going To。通常，句中IF的含义与WHEN相似。

★ If you look carefully, you will find writing scratches on the glass.

★ 如果你仔细观察，你会发现玻璃上有文字划痕。

★ If you move to your left, you will be able to see the church.

★ 如果你向左走，就能看到教堂。

★ If you want to leave this afternoon, I will drive you to the station.

★ 如若你想今天下午就走，我可以开车送你去车站。

● We can use Shall or Shan’t in statements about the future with I and WE, although it is more common to use Will or Won’t.

● 将来时态中，当主语是I和WE时，可用Shall或Shan't，但Will或Won't更常用。

★ When I retire, I shall/will have more time for my painting.

★ 等我退休后，我将有更多的时间来画画。

★ The stronger we are, the more we shall/will be able to help others.

★ 我们越是强大，就越有能力帮助别他人。

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