外研版英语八年级module10（外研版八年级上册Module）

八年级上册（外研版）Module 5 Lao She Tea house 知识点总结

一、重点词汇

actress

· 基本用法

actress n. 女演员

He fell in love with an actress.

他爱上了一位女演员。

· ​知识拓展--相关单词

1. act v. 行动，表演

She acted in her first film when she was 13 years old.

13岁时她出演了她的电影处女作。

2. actor n. 演员，男演员

His wish to be an actor has come true.

他想当演员的愿望实现了。​​​

teahouse

· 基本用法

Tea house n. 茶楼，茶馆​

"The Tea house" is playing at the Capital Theater.

《茶馆》正在首都剧场上演。

​​offer

· ​原文再现

You know, I wanted to see the Beijing Opera, so Lingling offered to take me there.

你知道，我想看京剧，因此玲玲提议带我去那儿。

· ​基本用法

offer v. 提议；提出（过去式：offered 过去分词：offered 现在分词：offering 第三人称单数：offers）

offer to do sth.意为"主动提出做某事"。如：

My brother offered to drive us to the park.

我弟弟主动提出开车送我们去邮局。

· ​知识拓展--相关句型/结构

1. offer sth. 提出某事。如：

Our teacher offered a good plan for the weekend.

我们的老师给我们的周末提出了一个好计划。

2. offer sb. sth.=offer sth. to sb. 给某人提供某物。如：

She wants to offer others her help.=She wants to offer her help to others.

她想帮助别人。

​​end

· ​原文再现

We only planned to watch for an hour, but in the end, we stayed for three hours.

我们本来计划仅看一个小时，但最后我们待了三个小时。

· ​基本用法

end n. 最后一段；末尾，in the end 意为"最后；终于"，表示时间概念。

In the end, we all decided to organize a concert for Easter.

最终，我们一致决定组织一场复活节音乐会。​

· ​知识拓展--相关短语

1. by the end of 在…之前；到…为止。如：

He came back by the end of the film.

他在电影结束的时候回来了。

2. at the end of 在…的末端；在…的后期。如：

At the end of the street, you can see a post office.

在街道的尽头你能看到一个邮局。

no idea

· 原文再现

No idea.

不知道。

· 基本用法

no idea 不知道，常用于"have no idea"结构中。

I have no idea what you mean.

我一点儿也不明白你的意思。

I have no idea why he gave up his job.

我不知道他为何辞职。

​ show

· ​原文再现

The play has three acts and shows the lives of common people in China from the end of the nineteenth

century to the middle of the twentieth century.

该剧有三幕，展示的是从19世纪末到20世纪中期中国普通人的生活。

· ​基本用法

1. show v. 展示；给……看

（过去式: showed 过去分词: shown / showed 现在分词: showing 第三人称单数: shows）​

show sb. sth.=show sth. to sb.意为"把某物给某人看"。如：

Why not show us your new shoes? =Why not show your new shoes to us?

为什么不向我们展示一下你的新鞋呢？

2. show n. 展览；展览会，on show意为"展览；陈列"

There are lots of inventions on show this time.

这次展示了许多古老的发明。

​​ common

​· ​原文再现

The play has three acts and shows the lives of common people in China from the end of the nineteenth

century to the middle of the twentieth century.

该剧有三幕，展示的是从19世纪末到20世纪中期中国普通人的生活。

· ​基本用法

common adj. 普通的；常见的，主要指因许多人或物所共同具有或使用而常见。

We have common topics to talk about.

我们有共同的话题可谈。​

have...in common意为：有...共同之处

I have nothing in common with Jane.

我和简毫无共同之处。​

twentieth

· ​原文再现

The play has three acts and shows the lives of common people in China from the end of the nineteenth

century to the middle of the twentieth century.

该剧有三幕，展示的是从19世纪末到20世纪中期中国普通人的生活。

· 基本用法

twentieth num. 第二十，以ty结尾的基数词变序数词时，将ty变为tie，再加th。

如：thirty---thirtieth forty---fortieth ​

​​describe

· ​原文再现

It describes the changes in Chinese society over fifty years around the beginning of the twentieth century.

它描写了20世纪初期50多年里中国社会的变化。

· ​基本用法​

describe v. 描写；描述

（过去式: described 过去分词: described 现在分词: describing 第三人称单数: describes）​

describe…as…意为"把…成为…"，be described as…意为"被称为…"。如：

She described him as lazy and selfish.

她把她的性格描绘成又懒惰又自私。

She was described as being very clever.

据说她很聪明。

society

· ​原文再现

It describes the changes in Chinese society over fifty years around the beginning of the twentieth century.

它描写了20世纪初期50多年里中国社会的变化。

· ​基本用法

1. society n. 社会，社交圈，前面不带the

We are all members of society.

我们都是社会的成员。

She was introduced to society only a short time ago.

一会前，她被介绍进了社交圈。

在表示"旧或新社会"时，习惯在其前面加the，如the new/old society。​

2. society n. 社团，前面可带the。​

We are all members of the society.

我们都是这个会社的会员。

head teacher

· 原文再现

After finishing school in 1918, he became a head teacher of a primary school.

1918年毕业后，他在一所小学做校长。

· 基本用法

head teacher （中小学）校长，班主任

He told me he was afraid of his head teacher.

他告诉我他害怕他的班主任老师。​

college

· 原文再现

He taught Chinese at a college in London and returned to China five years later.

他在伦敦一所大学教中文，5年后回国。

· 基本用法

college n. 大学 go to college 意为：上大学

I would like all my children to go to college.

我希望我的孩子们都上大学。​

novel

· 原文再现

He wrote many plays, novels and short stories about people's lives, and was named "the People's Artist".

他写了许多关于人们生活的话剧、小说和短篇小说，他被誉为"人民艺术家"。

· 基本用法

novel n. 小说

Would you like to read and criticize my new novel?

您愿意阅读并评论一下我的新小说吗?​

​​name

· ​原文再现

He wrote many plays, novels and short stories about people's lives, and was named "the People's Artist".

他写了许多关于人们生活的话剧、小说和短篇小说，他被誉为"人民艺术家"。

· ​基本用法

1. name v. 命名，be named意为"被命名为……"。

（过去式: named 过去分词: named 现在分词: naming 第三人称单数: names）

The girl is named Amy.

这个女孩叫艾米。

2. name n. 名字

magic

· 原文再现

If you like the Beijing Opera, traditional music or magic shows, you can enjoy them at the tea house.

如果你喜欢京剧、民族音乐或魔术表演，你可以在茶馆欣赏。

· 基本用法

1. magic adj. 魔法的，有魔力的

He played some clever magic tricks.

他表演了一些巧妙的魔术。

2. magic n. 魔术，魔法

Some people still believe in magic.

有些人仍然相信魔法。​

· 知识拓展--相关单词

magician n. 魔术师

He likes to watch a magician performing tricks.

他喜欢看魔术演员表演魔术。​

二、重点句型

You know, I wanted to see the Beijing Opera, so Lingling offered to take me

there.

你知道，我想去看京剧，所以玲玲提出带我去。

· 基本用法

本句中采用了两个动词不定式做宾语的结构，分别是want to do sth和offer to do sth。

1. want to do sth 意为：想做某事

I want to buy a new tennis bat.

我想要买一个新网球拍。​

2. offer to do sth 意为：主动提出做某事

She offered to lend me her bike.

她提出将自行车借给我。

The boy offered to pay for the desk he had broken.

那男孩主动提出赔偿被他弄坏的桌子。​

We only planned to watch for an hour, but in the end, we stayed for three hours.

我们原计划看一小时，但结果我们看了3个小时。

· 基本用法

本句中包括一个动词不定式做宾语的结构，就是plan to do sth

plan to do sth 意为：计划做某事

We plan to go to New York at the weekend.

我们计划周末去纽约。​

Where do you plan to spend your holiday?

你打算去哪里度假？

​​I hope to understand more next time.

我希望下次懂得更多。

· ​基本用法

本句中包含一个动词不定式做宾语的结构，即hope to do sth，意为"希望做某事"

hope后还可接that从句，意为"希望…"。如：

I hope to see you as soon as possible.

我希望能尽快见到你。

I hope that you have a good trip.

我希望你旅途愉快。

He's especially for his play Teahouse.

他尤其以话剧《茶馆》而有名。

· 基本用法

本句中出现了be famous for sth的结构，意为：因为...而出名。

Austria is famous for its music.

奥地利以音乐而闻名。

The parks of this city are famous for their ornate fountains.

这个城市的公园以其华丽的喷泉而著名。​

​It tells us the story of Wang Lifa and the customers of his teahouse in Beijing.

它给我们讲述的是王立发和他的顾客在他茶馆里的故事。

· ​基本用法

tell sb. sth.意为"告诉某人某事"，相当于tell sth. to sb.

It's very kind of you to tell me the truth. =It's very kind of you to tell the truth to me.

你真好，告诉我这真相。

​tell sb. to do sth.意为"告诉某人做某事"。如：

My mother tells me to get a glass of milk.

妈妈让我拿杯牛奶。

​His mother sent him to a teacher's school in 1913.

1913年他目前把他送到一所师范学校。

· ​基本用法

send sb. to some place意为"把某人送到某地"；

We need to send him to the hospital immediately.

我们需要立即将他送往医院。

send sb. sth.=send sth. to sb.意为"送某人某物"。如：

She sends me a postcard. =She sends a postcard to me.

她送我一张明信片。

​He taught Chinese at a college in London and returned to China five years later.

他在伦敦的一所大学里教汉语，五年后回到了中国。

· ​基本用法

return to some place意为"返回某地"，相当于go back to some place。如：

When will you return to Shanghai?

你什么时候回上海？

We must return to Dalian within three days.

我们必须在3日内回到大连。​

​ Lao She is one of the greatest Chinese writers of the twentieth century.

老舍是20世纪最伟大的中国作家之一。

· ​基本用法

"one of the 形容词最高级 名词复数"意为"最……之一"，当其作主语时，谓语动词要用单数。如：

She is one of the youngest students in our group.

她是我们组年龄最小的学生之一。

Beijing is one of the busiest cities in the world.

北京是世界上最繁忙的城市之一。

​ If you like the Beijing Opera, traditional music or magic shows, you can enjoy

them at the teahouse.

如果你喜欢京剧、传统音乐或魔术表演，你可以在茶馆里欣赏到它们。

· ​基本用法

本句中if用作连词，意为"如果"，引导条件状语从句，可以放在主句前，也可以放在主语后。放主句前，从句需用逗号与主句隔开；当主句用一般将来时时，if所引导的条件句用一般现在时表示将来。如：

If you work hard, your dream will come true one day.

如果你努力学习，你的梦想有一天会实现。

If you bring your little sister to Amy's party, she will be happy.

如果你带你的小妹妹去参加艾米的晚会，她会很高兴。

· ​​出题建议

题型可选择单选、完成句子等，建议难度可以稍低。

Lao She Teahouse gives a warm welcome to everyone from all over the world.

老舍茶馆热情欢迎来自全世界的每一个人。

· ​基本用法

give a warm welcome to…意为"热情欢迎……"。如：​

Please give a warm welcome to our guest.

请热烈欢迎我们的客人。

Let's give a warm welcome to our new teacher.

让我们向我们的新老师致以热烈的欢迎。​

三、重点语法

​​ 动词不定式作宾语

· ​定义

动词不定式即"to 动词原形"，其中to不是介词，而是不定式符号，动词不定式没有人称和数的变化。动词不定式（短语）在句中可以作主语、宾语、表语、补足语、定语及状语等。本单元我们主要学习动词不定式作宾语。

· ​用法

能接动词不定式做宾语的动词有：afford, want, agree, decide, choose, hope, offer, plan, hate, refuse等。

如：

1. afford to do sth. 担负得起做某事

I can't afford to spend any more on food.

用在食物上的钱，再多一点儿我也花不起了。​

2. agree to do sth. 赞同做某事

To my disappointment, my father doesn't agree to buy me a new bike.

我父亲不同意给我买新脚踏车，我很失望。​

3. prepare to do sth. 准备做某事

Please prepare to get off from the rear door.

您准备从前后门下车。​

4. beg to do sth. 恳求做某事

I beg to apply for two weeks' leave of absence.

我请求准假两周。​

5. choose to do sth. 决议做某事

On the other hand, many women choose to go out to work.

另一方面，许多妇女又选择外出工作。​

6. decide to do sth. 决议做某事

Once you decide to break a bad habit, stick with your decision.

一旦你决心要改变坏习惯，就要坚持你的决定。​

7. determine to do sth. 决计做某事

We determine to fulfill the task ahead of time.

我们决定提前完成任务。​

8. expect to do sth. 等待做某事

You can't expect to learn a foreign language in a week.

不要指望一个星期就能学会一门外语。​

9. help to do sth. 协助做某事

This pill will help to settle your nerves.

你吃了这片药神经就不那麽紧张了。​

10. hope to do sth. 希望做某事

I hope to see you again sometime next year.

我希望明年某一时候再见到你。​​

​动词不定式做宾语（II）

动词不定式除了可以直接做宾语外，还有以下两种形式：

1. "疑问词 不定式"作宾语，此类动词（短语）有：decide, know, show, tell, forget, remember, learn,

find out等。如：

Please show us how to do that.

请演示给我们如何去做。

2. "find/feel/think it adj./n. to do sth."句型中，it是形式宾语，真正的宾语时后面的动词不定式。如：

The man downstairs found it difficult to get to sleep.

楼下的人发现难以入睡。

I feel it my duty to help them.

我感到帮助他们是我的责任。

注意：动词forget, remember, stop, go on等之后接V-ing形式和不定式作宾语意义差别较大。如：

forget to do sth. 忘记去做某事

forget doing sth. 忘记已经做了某事

remember to do sth. 记住去做某事

remember doing sth. 记得做过某事

stop to do sth. 停下来去做某事

stop doing sth. 停止做某事

,