现代人类进化的趋势（一千年以后的人类会怎样）

The ability to drink milk throughout our lifetime, known as lactose tolerance, evolved about 10 thousand years ago.

我们这一辈子都有喝牛奶的能力，即乳糖耐受性，大约是在一万年前进化而来的。

Over the last century and a half, the average height of a human being has increased by roughly 10 centimeters and within the last 6 and a half decades the global life span has shot up nearly 20 years largely thanks to science.

在过去的一个半世纪里，人类的平均身高增加了大约10厘米。在过去的65年里，全球寿命增长了近20年，这些都主要归功于科学。

Breakthroughs in science have propelled our species forward.

科学上的突破推动了人类的进步。

In fact, National Geographic and GE's new series "Breakthrough" covers some cutting edge innovations that are happening, today, from biology and technology merging to solutions for our water crisis.

事实上，《国家地理》和通用电气的新系列节目《突破》涵盖了当今世界正在产生的一些前沿创新，从生物学和技术融合到我们水资源危机的解决方案。

But, what will humanity look like in 1000 years?

但是，人类在1000年后会是什么样子呢？

It's already hard enough to remember a world without smartphones, but scientists predict that within the next few decades, computers will reach the computational speed of the human brain.

我们已经很难回想起没有智能手机之前的世界了。但科学家预测，在未来几十年内，电脑的计算速度将达到人脑的速度。

Not only will they be able to speak and interact, but listen and remember.

他们不仅会说话和互动，还会聆听和记忆。

This also leads to a philosophy known as transhumanism.

这也产生了一种称为超人类主义的哲学。

In the future, nanobots or tiny robots will be subtly integrated into our bodies enhancing our own abilities!

在未来，纳米机器人或微型机器人将巧妙地融入我们的身体，它们可以增强我们自身的能力！

No longer will we be limited by our own physiology, but truly become a mixture of biology and machine on the inside.

我们将不再受生理机能的限制，而是真正地成为内在的生物和机器的混合体。

Ever heard of "Utility Fog"?

听说过“实用雾”吗？

Imagine a cloud of countless microscopic robots which can be rearranged into virtually any configuration nearly instantaneously.

想象一下由无数个微型机器人组成的云，它们几乎可以在瞬间被重新排列成任何形状。

Buildings could be constructed as necessary and disassembled when space was needed for something else.

建筑可以根据需要建造，也可以在需要空间做其他事情时拆卸。

Picture your house disassembling when you leave in the morning so that the space can be used for something else!

想象一下，当你早上离开时，你的房子就正在拆卸了，那你就可以利用这些空间用来做别的事情了！

With increased urbanization and globalization the 7000 languages that are spoken globally today will likely dip under 100.

随着城市化和全球化的发展，今天全球使用的7000种语言可能会减少到100种以下。

As we move even further into the future, the world's rising temperature and accompanying deterioration in the protective ozone layer will play a major role.

随着我们进一步走向未来，全球气温会逐渐上升，随之而来的保护臭氧层的恶化将起主要作用。

Added UV radiation reaching the planet may create a scenario where darker skin becomes an evolutionary advantage, as it protects against UV damage.

到达地球的额外紫外线辐射可能创造出这样一番景象：深色的皮肤可能会成为进化的优势，因为它能保护皮肤免受紫外线伤害。

Increasing temperatures may also affect our size; taller and thinner bodies would be better at dissipating excess body heat, as it creates the best body surface area to volume ratio.

温度升高也会影响我们的体型变化。更高、更瘦的身材会更好地散发多余的身体热量，正因为它是最佳的身体表面积与体积比。

Of course, these types of changes take 10s or hundreds of thousands of years and will depend on our ability to avoid or protect ourselves from nature.

当然，这些类型的变化需要10年或数十万年的时间才能体现，这将取决于我们保护自己免受自然伤害的能力。

New traits from mutations may also arise, perhaps a new eye color or unique abilities!

突变的新特征也可能出现——也许是新的眼睛颜色，或者是一些独特的能力！

Even today, one man has been documented with the ability to consume and digest nearly anything, including metal, glass and even toxic chemicals due to a genetic mutation.

即使在今天，也有一名男子被证实其有能力食用和消化几乎所有东西，包括金属、玻璃，甚至是由基因突变而产生的有毒化学物质。

Others live with a condition called tetrachromacy, where they can see 100 times more colors than the rest of us.

另一些人则患有四色视觉，他们能看到的颜色是我们其他人的100倍。

But these traits are only likely to persist if they have some selective advantage, so don't expect a mutant like school-for-the-gifted any time soon.

但这些特征只有在具有一定的选择性优势时才有可能持续存在——所以不要指望像”天才学校“这样的令人害怕的东西会很快出现。

But artificial selection or human-influenced changes will likely drive most of our evolution.

但是，人工选择或受人类影响的变化可能会是大部分进化的主要原因。

We'll modify our babies genes before birth to eliminate diseases they may carry, or include desirable traits for our offspring.

我们会在婴儿出生前修改他们的基因，以剔除他们可能携带的疾病基因，或者为我们的后代添加想要的特征。

But, while it may make us smarter, stronger, and better looking, such genetic similarity or lack of human diversity leaves room for a single new disease of the future to wipe out the entire human race.

但是，尽管它可能让我们变得更聪明、更强壮、更漂亮，但这种基因的相似性或者是缺乏人类多样性，会为未来一种新的疾病留下了毁灭全人类的空间。

In the words of Stephen Hawking "Sooner or later disasters such as an asteroid collision or a nuclear war could wipe us all out. But once we spread out into space and establish independent colonies, our future should be safe."

用斯蒂芬·霍金的话来说：“迟早，诸如小行星碰撞或核战争之类的灾难会把我们全部消灭。但一旦我们进入太空，建立独立的殖民地，我们的未来就应该是安全的。”

Space colonization, it seems, is an inevitable part of our future.

太空殖民似乎是我们未来不可避免的一个问题。

At the end of it all, we may even conquer death by scanning our brains, atom by atom, and transferring that information into computers.

最终，我们甚至可以扫描我们的大脑，一个原子接一个原子地扫描，然后把这些信息传输到电脑里，这样就可以征服死亡。

In this way, we could travel at the speed of light as information patterns, unrestricted by our bodies, and requiring no food.

然后我们就可以以光速作为信息模式来旅行，不必受到身体的限制，也不需要食物。

Where our current human generational cycle takes around 20 years, a digital individual could replicate themselves in seconds or minutes.

目前人类的代际循环大约需要20年，而一个数码个体却可以在几秒或几分钟内复制自己。

It's a brave new world out there, and yet, you may be surprised by some of the incredible science that is happening today!

这是一个美丽的新世界——然而，你可能会对现有的一些不可思议的科学感到惊讶！

That's what the show"Breakthrough", which airs on November 1st at 9pm-attempts to highlight.

这就是11月1日晚上9点播出的《突破》的内容。

The science of today, that tomorrow's future will be based upon.

明天的未来将以今天的科学为基础。

It's a really fantastic series of 6 episodes on the National Geographic Channel.

这是国家地理频道一个很棒的节目，共有6集。

Be sure to check it out, and let us know what you think.

一定要去看看，然后让我们也知道你的看法。

And subscribe for more weekly science videos.

订阅我们，每周都有新的科学视频！

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