高考英语阅读理解说明文题型（阅读理解猜词题满分策略）

俗话说，得阅读者得高考猜词题是阅读理解中相对简单的一种题型根据多年的高考英语教学经验，我将猜词题的类型进行了具体的分类：，今天小编就来聊一聊关于高考英语阅读理解说明文题型?接下来我们就一起去研究一下吧!

高考英语阅读理解说明文题型

俗话说，得阅读者得高考！猜词题是阅读理解中相对简单的一种题型。根据多年的高考英语教学经验，我将猜词题的类型进行了具体的分类：

1.构词法；2.同义词；3.反义词；4.上下文；

5.释义法；6.因果题；7.代词题；8.常识题

下面我来举例说明。

1.构词法：前缀、后缀、复合、派生等

Car rentals are becoming more and more popular as an inexpensive way of taking to the road.

Q: The underlined word “inexpensive” means _______.

A.cheap B.happy C.good D.painful

解析：划线单词inexpensive是一个派生词，由否定前缀in和单词expensive（昂贵的）构成，意思是“不昂贵的”，故选A （便宜的）。

2.同义词（列举法）

Signal words：for example, for instance, such as, like，as---as, etc.

Collins decided that she must go, although the hazards of the trip were many, for example, the unbearable heat, the possibility of getting lost, the presence of wild animals and poisonous snakes.

Q: The underlined word "hazard" means ___________________

A. pleasure B. problem C. danger D. attraction

解析：根据划线词hazard后面的举例，“无法忍受的炎热，可能迷路，野生动物和毒蛇的出现”，这些都属于“危险的事情”（danger)，故选C。

3.反义词

转折词：though, although, still, but, yet, instead, instead of, however, while, on the contrary, on the other hand, unlike, rather than, for one thing, for another等

A child's birthday party doesn't have to be a hassle; instead, it can be a basket of fun, according to Beth Anaclerio, an Evaston mother of two, ages 4 and 18 months.

Q: What does the underlined word "hassle" probably mean?

A. a party designed by specialists B. a plan requiring careful thought

C. a situation causing difficulty or trouble D. a demand made by guests

解析：根据划线词hassle后的转折词instead（相反），可以推断出hassle是与a basket of fun（一筐乐趣）意思相反。故选C （一种导致困难或麻烦的情形）。

4.上下文：利用上下文提供的情景和线索推测

Food Network producer Flay hopes the young cook will find a place on the network television. He says Lieberman’s charisma is key. “Food TV isn’t about food anymore,” says Flay. “It’s about your personality（个性）and finding a way to keep people’s eyeballs on your show.”

Q: What does the word “charisma” underlined in the text refer to?

A. A natural ability to attract others. B. A way to show one’s achievement.

C. Lieberman’s after-class interest. D. Lieberman’s fine cooking skill.

解析：charisma为非考纲词汇表上单词，其词义与下文的“It’s about your personality（个性）and finding a way to keep people’s eyeballs on your show.”有关。故选A（一种天然的吸引他人的能力）。

5.释义法：使用定语（从句）、表语、同位语、冒号、破折号、分号等解释说明

信息词: means, refers to, be called, be known as, can be defined as, in other words, that is, that is to say......

William Shakespeare said. "The web of our life is of a mingled yarn (纱线), good and ill together."

Q: The underlined word "mingled" most probably means?

A.simple B.mixed C.sad D.happy

解析：根据后文的释义，good and ill together，可以推断划线词mingled的意思是“混合的”（minxed），故选B。

6.因果题

When some kind of pain killer (止痛药) was brought out recently, researchers found that the colours turned the customers off because they made the product look weak and ineffective（无效的）.

Q: The underlined part "the colours turned the customers off" means that the colours_______

A.Attracted the customers strongly B.Had weak effects on the customers

C.Tricked the customers into shopping D.Caused the customers to lose interest

解析：根据because后的解释，“因为他们使产品看起来软弱和无效”，可以推断出结果“导致顾客失去兴趣”。故选D。

7.代词题

信息词：one，it，that，he，him或them等指代上文提到的人或事物。

Demands for pigeon-delivered money stopped as soon as the press reported the story. And even if they start again, Chen holds little hope of catching the criminal. “We have more important things to do,” he said.

Q: The underlined word“they”in the last paragraph refers to____.

A. criminals B. pigeons C. the stolen cars D. demands for money

解析：代词指代必须符合就近原则，指代最近的上文提到的人或事物。复数代词they指代复数名词。故选D

8.常识题

I feel that since you are my superior (上司), it would be presumptuous of me to tell you what to do.

Q: The word "presumptuous" is closest in meaning to "____" .

A.full of respect B.rude and too confident

C.lacking in experience D.too shy and quiet

解析：常识题。在Kim看来，因为对方是自己的上司，告诉上司去做什么，会显得不礼貌（rude）、自负（too confident）。故选B。

经过分类整理，猜词题的命题思路就变得非常清晰，了解了命题思路，做题时就有了方向。

当然，要想真正掌握这些策略，还需要大量的训练实践，不断地吸收消化，最后融会贯通。

我是苗爸，“职业化家庭英语启蒙训练”推广人。我会每天分享英语启蒙和高考英语相关的原创文章。

今天的分享到此结束。我们明天再见！