docker容器的三大组件（docker容器下配置jupyter notebook的操作）

$sudo apt-get remove docker docker-engine docker.io

$sudo apt-get update
$ sudo apt-get install linux-image-extra-$(uname -r) linux-image-extra-virtual

$ sudo apt-get update
$ sudo apt-get install apt-transport-https ca-certificates curl software-properties-common

$ curl -fsSL https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/docker-ce/linux/ubuntu/gpg | sudo apt-key add -
# 官方源
# $ curl -fsSL https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu/gpg | sudo apt-key add -

$ sudo add-apt-repository \
 "deb [arch=amd64] https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/docker-ce/linux/ubuntu \
 $(lsb_release -cs) \
 stable"
# 官方源
# $ sudo add-apt-repository \
# "deb [arch=amd64] https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu \
# $(lsb_release -cs) \
# stable"

$ sudo apt-get update
$ sudo apt-get install docker-ce

$ sudo systemctl enable docker
$ sudo systemctl start docker

$ sudo service docker start

$ sudo groupadd docker
$ sudo usermod -aG docker $USER

$ docker run hello-world

Unable to find image 'hello-world:latest' locally
latest: Pulling from library/hello-world
d1725b59e92d: Pull complete
Digest: sha256:0add3ace90ecb4adbf7777e9aacf18357296e799f81cabc9fde470971e499788
Status: Downloaded newer image for hello-world:latest

Hello from Docker!
This message shows that your installation appears to be working correctly.

To generate this message, Docker took the following steps:
 1. The Docker client contacted the Docker daemon.
 2. The Docker daemon pulled the "hello-world" image from the Docker Hub.
 (amd64)
 3. The Docker daemon created a new container from that image which runs the
 executable that produces the output you are currently reading.
 4. The Docker daemon streamed that output to the Docker client, which sent it
 to your terminal.

To try something more ambitious, you can run an Ubuntu container with:
 $ docker run -it ubuntu bash

Share images, automate workflows, and more with a free Docker ID:
 https://hub.docker.com/

For more examples and ideas, visit:
 https://docs.docker.com/get-started/

DOCKER_OPTS="--registry-mirror=https://registry.docker-cn.com"

$ sudo service docker restart

{
 "registry-mirrors": [
 "https://registry.docker-cn.com"
 ]
}

$ sudo systemctl daemon-reload
$ sudo systemctl restart docker

Registry Mirrors:
 https://registry.docker-cn.com/

$ docker run ubuntu:18.04 /bin/echo 'Hello world'
Hello world

$ docker run -it ubuntu:16.04 /bin/bash
root@af8bae53bdd3:/#

$docker images

$docker container ls

$docker ps

$ docker container ls -a

$docker ps -a

$ docker container stop (id or name)

$docker attach (id or name)

$docker exec (id or name)

$docker run -i -t ubuntu:16.04 /bin/bash

#更新apt-get环境
apt-get update

#安装python dev包
apt-get install python-dev

#安装jupyter
pip install jupyter

#生成jupyter配置文件，这个会生成配置文件.jupyter/jupyter_notebook_config.py
jupyter notebook --generate-config

#使用ipython生成密码
In [1]: from notebook.auth import passwd
In [2]: passwd()
Enter password: 
Verify password: 
Out[2]: 'sha1:******'

#去配置文件.jupyter/jupyter_notebook_config.py中修改以下参数
c.NotebookApp.ip='*'       #绑定所有地址
c.NotebookApp.password = u'刚才生成的密码'
c.NotebookApp.open_browser = False   #启动后是否在浏览器中自动打开
c.NotebookApp.port =8888      #指定一个访问端口，默认8888，注意和映射的docker端口对应

docker run -it --name jupytertest -p 8888:8888 -v ~/mnt:/mnt jupyter-ubuntu:v1 su root -c 'jupyter notebook --allow-root'

jupyter notebook --port=8888 --allow-root

docker ps